Turbojet Jet Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

Turbojet and Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

A rurbojet is a type of gas turbine engine that was originally developed for militray fighters during Wordl War ll. A turbojet is the simple of all aircraft gas turbines.If features a compressor to draw air in and compress it, a combustion section which adds fuel ignites it, one or more turbines that extract power from the expanding exhaust gasse to drive the compressor, and an exhausst nozzle which accelerates the exhaust out back ot the engine to create thrust.

When turbojets were introdeced, the top speed of fighter out aircraft euipped with them was at lest 100 miles per hour faster than copeting piston aircraft. The relative simplicity of turbojet design lent them to wartime production. In the years after the war, the drawbacks of the turbojet gradually become apparent. Below about Mach 2, turbojets are very fuel inefficient and crated tremindous amounts of noise .

The early design also respond very slowly to power changes, a fact which killed many experienced pilots when they attenpted the transtion to jets. These drawbacks eventually led to the downfall of the pure turbojet, and whose Mach 2 airspeed pemitted the engine to be highly efficient .

V-Type Engine Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

V-Type Engine and about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

Cylinders in this engine are arranged in two in line banks, tiiled 30-60 degrees apart from each other. The vast mojority of V engine are water cooled . The design provides a higher power to weiht ratio than an inline engine , while still providing a small rontal area. Perhaps the most famous example of this design is the legendary Rolls-Roycel Merlin engine , a 27 litre (1649 in) 60 degree calcius V12 engine used in, among others, the Spitfires that played a major role in the Battle of Britain.

Many parts of diesel engine are air-cleaner compartment, throttle position sensor, rocker cover, intake valve, spark plug, piston, connecting rod, starter solenoid, starter motor, oil pomp, oil intake screen assembly, oil drain plug, oil pan, crankshaft, camshaft, valve lifer, push rod, exhaust valve, air cleaner intake, rocker arm and etc.

V-Type Engine Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

V-Type Engine and V-Type Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine.

Cylinders in this engine are arrnged in two In-line banks, tited 30-60 degress apart from each other. The vast majority of V engines are watericooled . The V design provides a higher power to weight ratio than an inline engine, while still providing a small frontal area.

Perhaps the most famous example of this design is the legenday Rolls-Royce Merline engine, a 27-litre (1649 in) 60 degre. V12 engine used in, a among others, the Spitires that played a major role in the Battle of Britain .The aircraft powerplant propels the airplane and drives the various systems and V-type engines provide more horsepower than in Line engine. During the period between the world Wars.

V-Type Engine parts are throttle body, injection valve, intake manifold, rocker arm, air cleaner inlet, valve spring , exhaust valve, exhaust manifold, throttle position sensor, rocker cover, intake valve, spark pllug, piston, wrist pin, srater solenoid, starter motor,oil pump, oil sreen assenbly, oil pan, crankshaft, camshaft, valve liffter and etc.

Rotary Engine Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

Rotary Engine Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

Rotary Engine :

Early in World War I, when aircraft were first being used for military purposes, it became apparent that exiting inline engines were too heavy for the amount of power needed. Aircraft designers needed an engine that was lightweight, powerful, cheep, and easy to manufacture in large quantities. The ratary engine met these goals.

Rotary engines have all the cylinders in a circle around the crankcase like a radial engine(see below), but the difference is that the crankshaft is bolted to the airframe and the proeller is bolted to the engine case. The entire engine rotates with the propeller, providing plenty of airflow cooling regardless of the aircraft's forward speed . Some of these engines were a two-stroke design , giving them a high speciffic power and power to weight ratio.

Unfortunately, the severe gyroscopic from the heavy rotating engine made the aircraft very difficult to fly. The engines also consumed of castor oil , spreaking it all the airframe and creating fumes which were nauseating to the pilots. Engine designers had always been aware of the many limitations ot the rotary engine . When the static style engines became more reliabe, gave better specific weight and fuel consumption, the days of the rotary engine were numbered.

In-Line Engine Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

In-Line Engine Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

This type of engine has cylinders lined up in one row. It typically has an even number of cylinders, but there are instances of three-and five cylinder engines. The biggest advantage of an inline engine is crankshaft is located above the cylinders, it is called an inverted inline engine, which allows the propeller to be mounted up high for ground clearance even with short landing gear.

The inline four engine is the most common four cylinder configuration, whereas the stright-6 has largely given way to the V6 engine.Find out what designers look at when deciding which configuration to use in car.Inline engine may refer to in general use it refers to any type of straight engine and in aviation use and it refers any non-radial reciprocating reciprocating cylinder engine.

Difination of IN-LINE ENGINE an internal combustion engine in which the cylinders are arranged in one .................

The disasvantages of an inline engine include a poor power to weight ratio , because the crandshaft it is difficult to get enough may either air cooled or liquid cooled , but cylinders directly. Inline engines were common in early aircraft, including the Wright Flyer, the aircraft that made the firt controlled powered flight.However, the inherent disadvantages of the design soon became apparent, and the inline design was abandoned, becoming a rarity in modern aviation.

Current and Future Development Engine Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

Current and Future Development Engine Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

As of 2008, may common rail and unit injection systems alreaky employ new injectors using stacked piezoelectric wafers in lieu of a solenoid, giving finer control of the injection event. Variable geometry tubochargers have flixible vanes, which move and let more air into the depending on load. This technology increases both performance and fuel economy. Bost lag is reduced as turbo impeller inertia is compensated for.

Accelerometer pilot control (APC) uses an accelerometer to provide feedback on the engine's lovel of noise and vibration and thus instruct the ECU to injection the minimum amout of fuel that will produce quite combustion and still provide the required power (especially while idling). The next generation of common rail diesels is expected to use variable injection geometry , which allows the amount of fuel injected to be varied over a wider range.

Partially in the United States, coming tougher emission regulations present a considerable challenge to diesel engine manufactures. Ford's Hy Trans Project has developed a system which starts the ignition in 400 ms, saving a significant amount of fuel on city routes, and there are other methods to achieve evern more efficient combussion, such as homogeneous charge compression ignition, being studied.

Supercharging and Turbocharging Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

Turbocharger

Two Stroke Engine with Supercharger and Turbocharger

Supercharging and Turbocharging Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

Most diesels are now turbocharged and some are both turbo charged and supercharged . Beacause diesels do not have fuel in the cylinder before combustion is initiated, more than one bar(100kPa) of air can be loaded in the cylinder without preignition . A turbocharged engine can produce signification more power than a natuarlly aspirated engine of the configuraton, as having more air in the cylinders allows more fuel to be burned and thus more to be produced.A supercharger in powered mechanically by the engine's crankshaft, while a turbocharger is powered by the engine exhaust, not requiring any mechanical power.

Turbocharging can improve the fuel economy of diesel engines by recomoving waste heat from the exhaust, increasing the excess air factor , and increasing the ratio of engine output to friction losses. A two-stroke engine does not have a discrete exhaust and intake stroke and thus is incapable of self-aspiration.Supercharged engines produce more power for a given engine size as compared to naturally aspireted engines, attention must be paid to the mechanical design of components, lubrication, and cooling to handle the power.

Therefore all two-stroke engines must be fitted with a blower to charge the cylinders with air and assist in dispersing exhaust gases, a process referred to as employ a hybrid turbocharged engine produce more power for a given engine size as compared to naturally aspirated engines, attention must be paid to the mechanical design of component and etc.Turbocharging can improve the fuel economy of diesel engines by recovering waste heat from the exhaust , increasing the excess air factor and increasing the ratio ot engine output to friction losses.

Engine Speeds Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

Commercial Marine Engine Engine Speeds Details about Diesel Marine and Aeronautical Engine.

Engine Speed :

Within the disel engine undustry, engine are often categeorized by their speeds into three unofficial groups:

1. High-speed engine

2. Medium-speed engine and

3. Slow-speed engine

High-speed( approximately 1,000 rpm and greater)engies are to used to trucks, buses, tractors, cars, yachts, compressors, pups, and small eletrical generators. As of 2008, most high-speed engines have direct injection. Many modern engines, particularly in on highway applications, have common rail derect injection, which is clearner burning .

Medium-speed engines used in electrical generators run at approximately 300 to 100 rrpm and are optimized to run at a set synchronous speed depending on the generation are frequency (50 or 60 hertz)and provide a rapid response to load changes. Typical synchronous speed modern medium speed engines are 500/514 rpm (50/60Hz), 600 rpm (both 50 and 60 Hz), 720/750 rpm, and 900/1000 rpm .

These extremely large two-stroke have power up to approximately 85 MW (114,000hp), operate in the range from approximatley 60 to 200 rpm and are up to 15 m(50ft) tall, and can weigh over 2,000 short tons (1,800 t) .They typically use derect injection running on cheep low grade heavy fuel, also know as Bunker C fuel, which requires heating in the ship for tanking and before injection due to the fuel's highly viscosity.

Fuel and Fluid Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

For thermal fluid heating up to 350°C Fuels.
Fuel and Fluid Characteristics Details about Diesel Marine and Aeronautical Engine

The engines can work with the full opecturn of crude oil distillates, from natural gas, alcohols, petrol, wood gas to the fuel oil from diesel oil to residual fuels.The type of fuel is a combustion of service ruquirements, and fuel costs. Good-quality disel fuel can be synthessised from vegetable oil and alcohol. Diesel fuel can be made from coal or other carbon base using the Fischer-Tropsch process. Biodiesel isgrowing in popularity since it can frequently be used in unmodefied engines, though production remains limited .



Pure plant oils are increasingly being as fuel for cars, trucks and remote combined heat and power generation especially in Germany where hundreads of decentralised small-and midium-sized oil presses cold oilseed, mainly rapeseed, for fuel. There is a Deautsches Institut fur Normung fuel standard for rapessed oil fuel.Petroleun-derived diesel in offten called petrodesel if there is need to destinguish the sorce of the fuel.



Fuel contaminants such as dirt and water are often more problematic in diesel engines than in petrol engines. Water can cause serious damage, due to corrosion, to the injection pump and injectors and dirt , even very fine particulate matter can damage the injection pumps due to the close tolerances that the pumps are machined to and all diesel engines will have a fuel filter and a water trap.

Work, Power and Torque Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

Power and Torque

For commercial uses requiring towing, load carrying and other tractive tasks, diesel engines tend to have to better torque characteristics. Diesel engines tend to have their torque peak quite low in their speed range (usually btween 1600 and 2000) rpm for a small-capacity unit, lower for a large engine used in a track).

This provides smoother control over heavy loads when starting from res and crucially, allows the diesel engine to be given higher loads at low speeds than a petrol engine, marking them much more economical for these application. This characteristic is not so desireble in private cars, so most modern diesels used in such vehicles use electronic control,variabe geometry turbochargers and shorter piston stroke to achieve a wide spread of torque over the engine's speed range, typically peaking at around 2500-3000 rpm.

While diesel engines tend to have more torque at lower engine speeds than petrol engines, diesel engines tend to have a narrower power band than petrol engines. Naturally aspirated diesel tend to lack power and torque at the top of their speed range. This narrow band is a reason why a vehicle such as a truck may have a gearbox with as many as 18 or more gears, to allow the engienes power to be used effictive at all speeds. Turbochargers improve the engine's performance equally by flattening the torque curve.

Power and Fuel Economy Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

Power and Fuel Economy Diesel Marine and Aeronautical Engine

The MAN S80ME-C7 low speed disel engines use 155 gram fuel per KWh for an overall energy conversion efficiency of 54.4 percent, which is the highest conversation of fuel into power by any internal or external combustion engine. Disel engine are more efficeient than gasoline (petrol) engines of the same power rating in lower fuel consumption . A common margine is 40 percent more miles per gallon for an efficient turbodisel. For example, the current model Skoda Octavia, using Volkswagen Grop engines, has a combined Euro rating of 6.2 L/100 (38 miles per US gallon, 16 Km/L) for the 102 bhp (73 kW) petrol engine and 4.4L/100 Km(54 mpg, 23 km/L) for the 105 bhp (78kW) disel engine.

The avarage disel engine has a poorer power-to-weight ratio than the petrol engine. This is because the diesel must operate at lower engine speeds and because it needs heavier , stronger parts to resist the operating pressure caused by they high compression ratio ot the engine .Disel engine usually haave longer strike lengths in order to achieve the vecessary compression ratios. As a result piston and connecting rods are heavier and more force must be transmitted through the connceted rod.This is another reason that a diesel engine must be stronger for the same power output as a petrol engine .

The increased fuel economy of the disel engine over the petrol engine means that the desel produces less carbon deoxide per unit distance . Recentl advances in production and charge in the political climate have increased the availability and Disel engine have a lower rotaional speed than an equvalent size petrol engine because the disel-air-mixture burns slower than the petrol air mixture into the cylinder to warm the combustion chamber .

Common Rail Direct Injection Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

Common Rail Direct Injection Details about Diesel Marine and Aeronautical Engine

In common rail systems, the seppareted pulsing high-pressure fuel lin to each cylinder's injector is also eliminated , a high-pressure pump pressurizes fuel at up to 2,500 bar ( 250 MPa ; 36,000psi ) in a "common rail ". The common rail is a tube that supplies each computer-controlled injector containing a precision-machanical nozzle and a plunger driven by a solenoid or piezodelectric actuator.

Mechanical and Electronic Injection Details about Marine Aeronautical Engine

Mechanical and Electronic Injection
Many configuration of fuel injection have been used over the past century (1901-200)
Most present day disel engine make use of a camshaft, rotating at half crankshaft speed, lifted mechanical single plunger high pressure fuel pump driven by the determines the timing of each injection. These engines use injectors that are very precise spring-loaded valves that open and close at a specific fuel pressure. Separate high-pressure fuel lines connect the fuel pump with each cylinder. Fuel volume for each single combustion is controlled by a slanted groove in the pluger which rotates only a few degreasing the pressure .

Both mechanical and electronic injection systems can be used either direct or indirect injection configurations. A cheaper configuration on high-speed engines with fewer than six cylinder is to use axail-piston distribution pump, consisting of one rotating pump plunger delivering fuel to a valve and line for each fcylinder.

Many modern systems have a single fuel single pump which sullies fuel constantly at high pressure with a common rail to each injector. Each has a solenoid has a solenoid perated by an electronic control unit, resulting in more accurate contiol of injection opening times that depend on other control conditions.Older diesel engines with meachanical injection pumps could be inadvertently run in revers allbeit very inefficiently. When this occurs, massive amounts of soot are ejected from the air intake .

Fuel Delivery Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

Fuel Delivery system
A vital component of all diesel engines is a mechanical or electronic goernor which regulates the idling speed and maximum speed of the engine by controlling the rate of fuel delivery. Unlike Otto-cycle engines,incoming air is not throttled and a diesel engine without a gonernor cannot have stable idling speed and can easily overspeed, resulting in its destruction . Mechanically governed fuel injection systems are driven by the engine's gear train.These systems use a conbination of springs and weights to control fuel delivery relative to both load and speed. Modern electronically controlled diesel engines control fuel delivery by use of an eletronic control module (EcM) or Electronic Control Unit.

The ECM/ECU receives an engine speed, as well as other operating parameters such as intake manifold pressure and fuel temperature, form a sensor and controls the amount of fuel and start of injection timing through actuators to maximise power and efficiency and minimise emisions. Contiolling the timing of the start of injection of fuel into the cylinder is a key to minimizing emissions, and maximizing fuel economy , of the engine. The timing measured in degress before TDC, the stat of injection, ot timing ,is said to be 10 deg. BTDC ..

Delaying srart of injection causes incomplete combustion, reduced fuel efficiency and an increse in exhaust smoke, containing a considerable amount of particulate matter and unburned hydrocarbons. Advancing the start of injection results in higher in-cylinder pressure and temperature, and higher efficiency , but also risults in elevated engine noise and increased oxides of nitroger emission due to higher combustion temperatures. Optimal timing will depend on the engine design as well its speed and load.

Early Fuel Injection Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

Early fuel Injection System

Diesel's original engine injected fuel with the assistances of compressed air, which atomized the fuel and forced it into the engine through a nozzle. The nozzle opening was closed by a pin valve lifted by the camshaft to intiate the fuel injection before top dead centre(TDC).This is called an air-blast injection.Deving the three stage compressor used some power but the efficiency and net power output was more than any other combustion engine at that time.

Diesel engines in service today raise the fuel to extreme pressures by mechanical pumps and deliver it to the combustion chamber by pressure-activated injectors without air. With derect injected diesels, injectors spary fuel through 4 to 12 small srifeces in its nozzle.The early air injection diesels always had a superior combustion without the sharp increase in pressure during combustion. Research is now being performed and patents are being taken out to again use some form of air injection to reduce the nigrogen oxide and pollution, reverting to Diesel's original implementation with its superior combustion and possibly quieter.

In all major aspects, tne modern diesel engine holds true to Rudolf Diesel original design, that of igniting fuel by compression at an extremly high pressure with in cylinder. With much higher pressures and high technology injectors, present-day diesel engines use the so-called solid injection system applied by Herbert Akroyd Stuart for his hot bulb engine . The indirect injector engine could be considered the latest development of these low hot bulb ignition engines.

Engine Model Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

Diesel and Aircraft Engine Model

Rudolf Diesel was born in Paris in 1858 into a family of German expatrites. He was educated at Munich POlytenic. After graduation he was employed as a refrigerator engineer, but his true love lay in engine design.Desel designed many heat engines, including a solar powered air engine. In 1892 he received parents in Germany, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and filed in the Uited States for " Method of and Apparatus for Converting Heat into Work in 1893 he described a "slow-combustion engie" that first compressed air thereby raising its temperature above the ignition-point of the fuel, then gradually introduction fuel while letting the mixture expand" against resisrance suffciently to prevent an essential increase of temperature.

Though best known for his invention of the pressure-ignited heat engine that bears his name, Rudolf Diesel was also a well-respected thermal engineer and a social theorist.Diesel,s invention have three points in common: they relate to heat transfer by natural physical processes .

An aircraft engine is the component of the propulsion system for an aircraft that generates mechanical power. Aircraft engines are almost always either lightweight piston engines or gas turbaines. This article is an overview of the basic types of aircraft engines and the design concept employed in engine development for aircraft.Marine engine is same and fuel is Diesel.

Engine Classification of Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

Engines for automotive and construction equipment may be classified in several ways; type of fuel used, type of cooling employed, or valve and cylinder arrange ment. They all operate on the internal combustion principle .They application of basic principles of constraction to particular needs or systems of manufacture has caused certain deigns to be recognized as convertional.At first engine is two kind.....

1. Internal Combustion Engine (I C E )
2. External Combustion Engine (E C E )

and ICE is two kinds are....
1.Disel Engine and
2. Petrol Engine are two kings and

1. Internal Combustion Engine are classification is...

(a) Four Stroke Engine and four stroke is...........
A. Suction Stroke,
B. Compression Stroke,
C. Power Stroke,
D. Exhaust Stroke.

(b)Two Stroke Engine and two stroke is.....
(A) Outward Stroke.
(B) Inward Stroke.
The most common method ofclassification is based on the type of fuel
used, that is, whether the engine burns gasoline or diesel fuel.

Work System Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

Diesel Engine Work System:

The true disel engine, only air is intitially introduced into the combustion chamber , the aie is then compredded with a compression ratio typically between 15: 1 and 22:1 resulting in 40-bar (4.0 MPa;580psi) pressure compared to 8 to 14 bars(0.8 to 1.4MPa) (about 200psi) in the petrol engine. This high compression heats the air to 550 deg.C(1,022 Deg.F). At about the top of the compression stroke, fuel is injection directly into the compressed air in the combustion chamber.

This may be into a void in the top on he piston or pre-chanber depending upon the desiogn of the engine. The fuel injector ensures that the fuel is broken down into small droplets, and thatthe fuel is distributed everly. The heat of the compressed air vaporized fuel from the surface of the droplets. The vapour is then ignited by the heat from the compressed air vaporizes fuel from the surface of the droplets. the vapour is then ignited by the heat from the copressed air in the combustion chamber, the droplets continue to vaporise from their surface and burn, getting smaller, untill all the in the droplets has been butnt.

The start of vaporisation caussed a delay period during ignition and the characteristic diesel knocking sound as the vapour reaches ignition temperature and causes an adrupt increse in pressure above the piston. The rapid expansion of combustion gases then drives the piston downward, supplying power to the crankshaft.Engines for sscale -model aeroplances use a varinat of the Diesel principle but premis fuel ansd air via a carburation system external to the combustion chamber.

Since only air is compressed in a diesel engine, and fuel is not introduction into the cylinder until shortly before top dead centre(TDC), premature detonations in not an issue and compresstion ratios are higher.Marine is a Diesel fuel use and same work and Aeronautical engine is an engine work aeronautical engine .Marine engine is heavy load bear for load and bear many material distribute another place or different country.

Ideal Diesel cycle Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

P-V Diagram for the Ideal Diesel Cycle.

Rudolf Diesel was born in paris in 1858 into a family of German expatriates. He was educated at Muich Polytechnic. Diesel designed many heat engines, including a solar-powered air engine.
This figure p is pressure and V is specific volume . The Ideal Diesel cycle follows the following four distnct processes.

1. Process 1 to 2 is isetropic compression of the fluid(blue color)

2. Process 2 to 3 is reversible constant pressure heating (red)

3. Precess 3 to 4 is isentropic expansion (yellow)

4. Process 4 to 1 is reversible constant volume cooling (green)

Tne Diesel in a heat engine:it converts heat into work. The isetropic processes are impermeable to heat:heat flows tnto the loop through the left expanding isobaric process and some of it flows back out through the right depressurizing process and the heat that remains does the work.

(1) Work in W(in) is done by the piston compressing the working fluid.

(2) Heat in Q(in) is done bythe combustion of the fuel.

(3) Work out W(out)in done by the working fluid expanding on to the piston (this produces usable torque).

(4) Heat out Q(out) is done by venting the air.

The Diesel cycle is a conbusion process of a reciprocating internal combustion engine. In it, fuel is ignited by hear generated by compressing air in the compresion chamber, into which fuel is injected .
Marine engine and Aeronautical engine in a internal combustion engine and it work system follow the Diesel cycle but Aeronautical engine is petrol engine and Marine engines fuel is Diesel fuel.

4-Stroke Work System Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

Four Stroke ( 4-stroke) Diesel Engine Working System.

Otto cycle or Four stroke diesel cycle same and there are four stroke is Intake, Compression, Power, Exhaust.AS their implies, four-stroke internal combustion engines have four basic steps thar repeat with every two revolutions of the engines.

1. Intake Stroke .
2. Compression Stroke .
3. Power Stroke.
4. Exhaust Stroke .

1. Intake Stroke:The first stroke of the inernal combussion engine is also know as the suction stroke beacuse the piston moves to the maximum volume position (downward derection in the cylinder). The inlet valve poens as a result of piston movement, and the vaporized fuel mixture enters the combustion chamber. The inlet valve closes at the end of this stroke.

2. Compression Stroke: In this stroke, both valves are closed and the piston its movement to the minimum volume position (upward derection in the cylinder) and comprosses the fuel mixture. During the compression processes, pressure, temperature and the density of the fuel mixture increases.

3. Power stroke: When the piston reaches the minimum volume position, the spark plug ignites the fuel mixture and burns. The fuel produces power that is transmitted to the crank shaft mechanism.

4. Exhaust stroke: In the end of the power stroke, the exhaust valve opens. During this stroke, the piston starts its movement in the minimum volume position. The open exhaust valve allows the exhaust gases to escape the cylinder. At the end of this stroke, the exhaust valve closes, the inlet valve opens, and the sequence repeats in the next cycle. Four-stroke engines require two revolutions.

Many engines overlap these steps in time; jet engines do all steps simultaneously at different parts of the engines. Internal combustionengines require ignition of the mixture either by spark ignition or compression ignition .
Marine Engine and heavy high weight automobile use this system and all diesel engine follow this system.

Otto Cycle Work Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

p_V Diagram for the Ideal Diesel Cycle .

Rudolf Diesel was born in Paris in 1858 into a family of German expatriates. He was educated at Munich Polytechnin.Diesel designed many heat engines, including a solar_powered air engine and in 1892 he received patents in Germany, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and field in the United States fo Method of and Apparatus for Converting heat into work.

The Diesel internal combussion engine differs from the gasoline powered Otto cycle by using highly compressed hot air to ignite the fuel rather than using a spark plug(compression ignition tather than spark ignition).The air is then compressed with a compression ratio typically between 15:1 and 22:1 resulting in 40- bar (4.0MPa, 580 psi) pressure compared to 8 to 14 bars (0.80 to 1.4 MPa) (about 200 psi)in the petrol engine . This high compression heats the air to 550 deg.C .The top of the compression stroke, fuel is injected directly into the compressed air in the combustion chamber.

This may be into a(typically toroidal) void in the top to the piston or a pre-chamber depending upon the design of the engine. The fuel injector ensures that thefuel is broken down into small droplets, and that fuel is distributed evenly. The heat on the compressed air vaporized fuel from the surface of the droplets.The vapour is then ignited by the heat from the compressed air in the combustion chamber, the droplets contunue to vapories from their surface and burn, getting smaller, untill all the fuel in the droplets has been burn. The start of vaporisation causes a delay period during and the characteristie diesel knocking sound as the vapour reached ignition tempetature and causes an abrupt increase in pressure above the piston . The rapid expansion of combustion gases then driversthe piston download,Supplying power to the crankshaft.Engine for scale-model aeroplanes use a variant of the Diesel principle but premix fuel and air via a carbuation system external to the combustion chambers.

Aerospace Engineering is the primary branch of engineering concerned with the design, construction and science of aircraft and spacecraft. Tne former deals with craft that stay within Earth atmosphere and the latter with craft thar operate outside it. Aerospace engineering in divided into two major and overlapping brancehes: aeronautical engneering and information........

Principle Engine Details about Diesel Marine Aeronautical Engine

A Diesel engine, Marine engine, Aeronautical engine is an internal combustion engine that uses the heat of compression to initiate ignition to burn burn the fuel, which is injected into the combustion chamber. The engine was developed by Rudolf Diesel in 1893. Rudolf Diesel was born in Paris in 1858 into a family of German expatiatesand he was educated at Munich Polytechnic. This is in contrast to spark_ignition engines such as a petrol engine (gasoline engine ) or gas engine (using a gaseous fuel as opposed to gasoline) and which uses a spark plug to ignite an air fuel mixture.

Marine engine is an engine where use diesel fuer and Disel engines are manufactured in two_stroke and four_stroke versions. Since the 1910s they have been used in submarine and ships.Use in locomotive , trucks, electric generating, automobiles, heavy equipment, the use of diesel engines in large on_road vehicles in the USA increased and as of 2007, about 50 percent of all new car sales in Europe are disel.The diesel engine has the highest thermal efficiency of any frgular internal of external combustion engine due to its very high comperssion ratio.

The first definition of aerospace engineering appeared in February 1985. The considered the Earth's atmosphere and the outer space as a single realm, thereby encompassing both aircraft(aero) and spacecraft under a newly coined word aerospace.There are many classification of engine and Marine Engine , Diesel Engine and Aeronatical Engine developed day by day. There are many scientist and Egineer developed Marine, Diesel, Aeronatical Engine and Model day by day .

The National Aeronautics and Space Administraton was founder in 1958 as a response to the cold War. United States aerospace engineers launched the first American satellite on January 31,1958 in response to the USSR launching Sputnik on October 4, 1957.Consequently, they are useally the prooducts of various technological and engineering discilplines including aerodynamics, propulsion, materials science, structural analysis and manufacturing .Aerospace engineers developed new technologies for use in aviation, detense system and space.